Answer:
Basics of Formatted Input/Output in CConceptsI/O is essentially done one character (or byte) at a timestream -- a sequence of characters flowing from one place to anotherinput stream: data flows from input device (keyboard, file, etc) into memoryoutput stream: data flows from memory to output device (monitor, file, printer, etc)Standard I/O streams (with built-in meaning)stdin: standard input stream (default is keyboard)stdout: standard output stream (defaults to monitor)stderr: standard error streamstdio.h -- contains basic I/O functionsscanf: reads from standard input (stdin)printf: writes to standard output (stdout)There are other functions similar to printf and scanf that write to and read from other streamsHow to include, for C or C++ compiler #include <stdio.h> // for a C compiler #include <cstdio> // for a C++ compiler Formatted I/O -- refers to the conversion of data to and from a stream of characters, for printing (or reading) in plain text formatAll text I/O we do is considered formatted I/OThe other option is reading/writing direct binary information (common with file I/O, for example)
