Sagot :
Answer:
1. Nomination
This is a speaker’s strategy in establishing a collaborative
conversation by opening a subject. Commonly, to employ this
strategy without prior conversation, the speaker frequently asks
questions, tell some current news or announcements that would
require his/her listener to respond and have a good start for
conversation.
2. Restriction
Restriction in communication refers to any limitation you have
as a speaker (Sipacio and Balgos, 2016). This strategy limits the
speaker’s content of what to say – mostly only those that are relevant
to the topic presented.
If a teacher gives a topic to collaborate, everyone in the group
are expected to bring out ideas that would only be concerned with the
given topic. Speakers are restricted to sideswipe to avoid
communication breakdown.
3. Turn-taking
To make communication be organized and all ideas are
well-facilitated, people in the circle must be given equal
opportunities to present their ideas during the conversation.
4. Topic Control
Topic control is a communicative strategy used to control
and prevent unnecessary interruptions and topic shifts in a
certain conversation. Topic control is considered a procedural
formality or informality that affects the development of certain
topics in particular discussion or conversation.
Moreover, topic control works along the concept of turn-taking,
where everyone can express related ideas to the ongoing topic without
the need to interrupt others.
5. Topic Shifting
Topic shifting is a diversionary tactic in which one person
in a discussion (the shifter) manages to subtly change the
discussion's topic to another, related but different topic, without
explicitly announcing the change of subject or reaching any
kind of mutual agreement that such a change is appropriate.
6. Repair
Repair refers to how speakers address problems in speaking,
listening, and comprehending that they may encounter in a
conversation. Repair is self-righting mechanism in any social
interaction. Once a problem in communication is not repaired right
away, surely, it would lead into misunderstanding or confusion.
7. Termination
Termination refers to the conversation participants' close-
initiating expressions that end a topic in a conversation. Most of the
time, the topic initiator takes responsibility to signal the end of the
discussion as well.