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A Glance at Selected Philippine Political Caricature in Alfred McCoy’s Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era (1900-1941)
A Glance at Selected Philippine Political Caricature in Alfred McCoy’s Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era (1900-1941)Political cartoons and caricature are a rather recent art form, which veered away from the classical art by exaggerating human features and poking fun at its subjects. Such art genre and technique became a part of the print media as a form of social and political commentary, which usually targets persons of power and authority. Cartoons became an effective tool of publicizing opinions through heavy use of symbolism, which is different from a verbose written editorial and opinion pieces. The unique way that a caricature represents opinion and captures the audience’s imagination is a reason enough for historians to examine these political cartoons. Commentaries in mass media inevitably shape public opinion and such kind of opinion is worthy of historical examination. In his book Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era (1900-1941), Alfred McCoy, together with Alfredo Roces, compiled political cartoons published in newspaper dailies and periodicals in the aforementioned time period. For this part, we are going to look at selected cartoons and explain the context of each one. The first example was published in The Independent on May 20, 1916. The cartoon shows a politician from a Tondo, named Dr. Santos, passing his crown to his brother-in-law, Dr. Barcelona. A Filipino guy (as depicted wearing salakot and barong tagalog) was trying to stop Santos, telling the latter to stop giving Barcelona the crown because it is not his to begin with. The second example was also published by The Independent on 16 June 1917. This was drawn by Fernando Amorsolo and was aimed as a commentary to the workings of Manila Police at that period. Here, we see a Filipino child who stole a skinny chicken because he had nothing to eat. The police officer was relentlessly pursuing the said child. A man wearing a salakot, labeled Juan de la Cruz was grabbing the officer, telling him to leave the small-time pickpockets and thieves and to turn at the great thieves instead. He was pointing to huge warehouse containing bulks of rice, milk, and grocery products. The third cartoon was a commentary on the unprecedented cases of colorum automobiles in the city of streets. The Philippine Free Press published this commentary when fatal accidents involving colorum vehicles and taxis occurred too often already. The fourth cartoons depict a cinema. A blown-up police officer was at the screen saying that couples are not allowed to neck and make love in the theater. Two youngsters looked horrified while an older couple seemed amused. The next cartoon was published by The Independent on 27 November 1915. Here, we see the caricature of Uncle Sam riding a chariot pulled by Filipinos wearing school uniform. The Filipino boys were carrying American objects like baseball bats, whiskey, and boxing gloves. McCoy, in his caption to the said cartoon, Says that this cartoon was based on an event in 1907 when William Howard Taft was brought to the Manila pier riding a chariot pulled by students of Liceo de Manila. Such was condemned by the nationalists at that time.
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