stions: 1. What is the bending of light as it travels from one type of material to another, like from air to water? 2. Why do you think the pencil as bent?
2. It looks bent because of Refraction, When a light ray passes from air into water a similar thing occurs: the light ray is bent as it strikes the surface of the water. This 'bending of a ray of light' when it passes from one substance into another substance is called refraction.
More info on refraction:
In physics, refraction is the change in direction of a wave passing from one medium to another or from a gradual change in the medium. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction.
