Answer:
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes. The offspring that arise by asexual reproduction from either unicellular or multicellular organisms inherit the full set of genes of their single parent.
Binary fission - Binary fission, asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies. In the process of binary fission, an organism duplicates its genetic material, or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and then divides into two parts (cytokinesis), with each new organism receiving one copy of DNA.
Organisms that reproduce by binary fission include Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, B. pumilus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, Ceratium, etc
Budding- Budding is an asexual mode of producing new organisms. In this process, a new organism is developed from a small part of the parent's body. A bud which is formed detaches to develop into a new organism. ... For example- Both hydra and yeast reproduce by the process of Budding.
Vegetative propagation- Begonia and Bryophyllum are examples of vegetative propagation by leaves. This is a form of asexual reproduction in which new plants grow from the buds growing on the margin of the leaves. These buds are reproductive in nature and when they fall on the ground they germinate and form a new plant.
Spore formation (sporogenesis) - This may look similar to seed formation in flowering plants, but spore production only occurs in non-flowing plants and in other microscopic organisms. Examples of such organisms include fungi, green algae, moulds, protozoa, and ferns.
Fragmentation- Fragmentation is observed in nonvascular plants as well, for example, in liverworts and mosses. Small pieces of moss "stems" or "leaves" are often scattered by the wind, water or animals. If a moss fragment reaches a suitable environment, it can establish a new plant.
Parthenogenesis- Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a new individual. It is a method in which a new individual developed without fertilization. ... Examples of plants showing parthenogenesis include honey bees, ants, birds.
Plant Apomixis- Apomixis is an asexual reproduction that occurs without fertilization and not involving meiosis. One example of apomixis is the apomictic parthenogenesis. It its one in which the egg cell is produced through mitosis. It then develops directly into an embryo without the prior fertilization
Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves a complex life cycle in which a gamete (such as a sperm or egg cell) with a single set of chromosomes (haploid) combines with another to produce an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes (diploid).
There are two main processes during sexual reproduction: meiosis, involving the halving of the number of chromosomes, and fertilization, involving the fusion of two gametes and the restoration of the original number of chromosomes.
